Application and observation of hemostatic effect of independently developed hemostatic equipment in a lethal swine exsanguination model

Objective Severe hemorrhage is a predominant cause of death among trauma patients. Conventional techniques often prove insufficient for hemostasis in junctional injuries. Therefore, this study independently developed a disposable sterile hemostatic clamp. A swine groin model was utilized to evaluate its efficacy. Methods 10 healthy Bama Xiang boars aged 6–7 months were divided to two groups. After femoral artery incision, the control group were treated with bandages and the experimental group were treated with hemostatic clamps. The survival rate, survival time, hemostatic operation time, and blood loss were recorded. Local joints were repeatedly flexed to assess the stability. Physiological parameters were monitored and recorded. Ultrasound was used to observe blood flow perfusion. Local skin was examined and femoral arteries were taken for pathological staining. Results In experimental group and control group, all 5 (100%) and 3 (60%) animals survived, respectively. The survival time of experimental group was all > 180 min, the median survival time and interquartile range of control group were 180 min and 68 min. The hemostatic procedures time were 22.50 ± 2.89 min and 57.25 ± 13.60 min, and blood loss were 190 ± 100 g and 549 ± 195 g, respectively. Ultrasound showed the clamp effectively reduced distal arterial blood flow. It was well-fixed after joint movement, while bandages were loose. No skin damage was observed. Femoral artery in experimental group showed intravascular thrombosis, while no thrombosis in control. Conclusion Compared to traditional bandaging, the hemostatic clamp can significantly reduce blood loss and maintain stable vital signs, demonstrating its potential in controlling severe pre-hospital hemorrhage.