Feedback on the violence against children with disabilities in a rural population of Upper Egypt: A community-based cross-sectional study

Background: Children with disabilities face heightened violence risks, particularly in resource-limited settings. Despite global evidence, data on violence against children with disabilities in rural Upper Egypt remains scarce. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, types, and family-related risk factors of violence against children with disabilities in this region. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted (December 2023–March 2024) in two rural Upper Egypt villages. Using multistage random sampling, 213 children (aged 18–24 years) with disabilities were included. Data were collected via validated structured interviews (ISPCAN tool) and focus group discussions. Results: Participants (54% male, 46% female) primarily had intellectual (50.7%) or physical (33.8%) disabilities. Emotional violence was nearly universal (93.1–100%), followed by physical (73.6–78.6%) and sexual violence (21.1–26.4%). Females experienced higher violence rates (50% vs. 9.6% males, p<0.001). Parental drug abuse (22.6% males vs. 10.2% females, p=0.02) and low socioeconomic status (59.1% vs. 43.9%, p=0.03) were significant risk factors. Intellectual disabilities correlated with elevated sexual violence (25.9%). Perpetrators included parents (35.4–41.8%) and unrelated individuals (44.3–60%). Conclusions: Systemic violence against children with disabilities in rural Upper Egypt is pervasive, driven by poverty, low parental education, and gender disparities. Interventions must address familial and community-level factors, including economic support, parental education, and stricter enforcement of child protection laws.