Genetic Diversity of BAG’s cassava clones of the Embrapa Amapá obtained by Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT)

Cassava farming is the main agricultural economic activity in Amapá, being a rustic crop with low use of agricultural inputs, adapted to the soil and climate conditions of northern Brazil. In Amapá there is an active cassava active germplasm bank (BAG) that requires characterization and differentiation. To overcome this problem, molecular markers can be used. Therefore, the study objective was to identify different cassava clones groups in the BAG of the Embrapa Amapá to exclude duplicate materials and study genomic diversity. The BAG is located in Mazagão municipality, containing 62 clones, whose leaves were collected and sent for molecular analysis using the Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) technique. The main conclusions are: four main groups is differenced by allelic similarity; in the graphical analysis, group 2 is less similar because the distance from the other groups; there are graphically overlapping clones with numbers 030 and 032; 019 and 036; 024 and 035; 054 and 055; 014 and 015; 020 and 022; 050 and 052, possibly being repeated materials; group 2 presents an absence of inbreeding, genetic drift and erosion, greater genetic variability or allelic diversity, greater heterozygosity compared to the other groups; groups 1 and 4 present a greater number of alleles and private alleles, with greater genetic variation, but has manifested inbreeding, where the variability must run through the quantity of individuals and; the structuring of the groups occurs through intragroup inbreeding with moderate differentiation between them.