Effect of hucMSC-derived exosomes on the pressure ulcers in mice

Background : Pressure ulcers (PUs) are a result of sustained compression of the local skin, leading to impaired blood circulation and subsequent nutritional deficiencies in the skin and subcutaneous tissues. This condition can result in damage, ulceration, and even necrosis. It serious threat to the patient's life and health, with the potential to result in fatal consequences. (MSCs) have been shown to secrete exosomes, termed MSC-exos, which range in size from 40 to 160 nm, and have been found to contain DNA, lipids, and proteins, and have been implicated in the treatment of various diseases. However, the effect of hucMSC-exos on the PU and the underlying mechanisms remain not to be fully elucidated. Methods : The present study investigates the effects of exosome isolation from hucMSCs on the mouse PU model. Following the administration of hucMSC-exos, the healing of the wound and the histopathological changes in the mice were evaluated by HE staining and Masson staining; the collagen mRNA levels in the tissues were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT–PCR); the expressions of HMGB1, α-SMA, and CD34 were examined by western blotting and immunohistochemistry to investigate the potential mechanisms by which the therapeutic effect of hucMSC-exos on PU is achieved. Results : The results of HE staining and Masson staining demonstrated that hucMSC-exos could alleviate the histopathological symptoms of PU. qRT–PCR results demonstrated that hucMSC-exos decreased the levels of collagen I, collagen III, TGF-β, and HGMB1 in PU mice, the results of western blotting demonstrated that the expressions of HMGB1, SMA, and CD34 could also be decreased by the administration of hucMSC-exos. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that hucMSC-exos alleviated the symptoms of PU by regulating HGMB1 and α-SMA. which demonstrated that the therapeutic potential of hucMSC-exos in PU.