Impact of cholecystectomy on lipid profile levels postoperatively predicting its beneficial effect on dyslipidaemia

Background The gallbladder plays a vital role in lipid homeostasis by storing and concentrating bile, which aids in lipid digestion. Gallstones, a common gastrointestinal disorder, are often associated with dyslipidemia and may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Cholecystectomy, the surgical removal of the gallbladder, is widely performed, but its impact on lipid metabolism remains under investigation. Aim To evaluate changes in blood lipid levels following cholecystectomy and assess its potential role in improving dyslipidemia and reducing cardiovascular risk. Patients and Methods: This prospective cohort study included 40 patients (aged 22–62 years) undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Cairo University Hospital from April 2024 to March 2025. Fasting lipid profiles—including LDL, HDL, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and VLDL—were measured preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and total cholesterol/HDL ratio were used to assess cardiovascular risk. Data were analyzed using SPSS v25 with significance set at p < 0.05. Results Postoperatively, there was a significant reduction in LDL (p = 0.002), free cholesterol (p = 0.003), VLDL (p = 0.031), and HDL risk factor (p = 0.004). HDL and triglyceride levels showed minor reductions that were not statistically significant. Liver enzyme levels ALP, GGT, and TLC also showed significant decreases. Conclusion Cholecystectomy leads to significant reductions in total cholesterol and LDL, suggesting a favorable effect on lipid profiles and potential cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with pre-existing lipid abnormalities. Trial registration not applicable as it’s a prospective cohort study knowing ethical consideration taken we had the approval by Cairo University Ethical committee regulations. Under IRB number MS2132024. Privacy of participants as follows All studyrelated information will be securely held at the general surgery department archive desk. Participants study information will not be released outside the study without the written permission of the participant.