The Impact of Metastatic Site on Survival in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Objective. The aim of this study is to comprehensively analyze the prognostic significance of various clinical and pathological factors, including age, body mass index, Karnofsky performance score, International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) risk score, accompanying chronic diseases and sites of metastasis, in determining the risk of mortality among patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Material and Methods . 111 patients with RCC who presented to Manisa Celal Bayar University Research Hospital between 2000 and 2020 were included in the study. The collected data were analyzed retrospectively. Results. Univariate analysis showed a statistically significant reduction in the risk of death for patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. The multivariate analysis indicated a significantly increased risk of death for patients with non-clear cell RCC histology, liver metastasis, or metastases at other sites. Bone metastasis was associated with a decreased risk of death in both univariate and multivariate analyses. No significant association with mortality risk was observed for age, gender, Karnofsky performance score, stage at diagnosis, presence of lung, lymph node, and central nervous system metastases or IMDC risk score. Conclusion. Liver metastasis and metastasis in areas other than lung, bone, CNS, or lymph nodes are associated with an increased risk of death in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.