Predictors of monkeypox-related knowledge and attitudes among a sample of general population of Türkiye

Monkeypox, (Mpox), is a viral infection caused by the Mpox virus, part of the Orthopoxvirus genus and shares similarities with smallpox. It spreads through contact with bodily fluids or skin of infected animals or individuals. As of June 30, 2022, Türkiye had reported 12 cases of Mpox. Containing the virus requires raising public awareness about its transmission. The study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of the general public and healthcare students in Türkiye regarding Mpox. Identifying knowledge gaps will help guide strategies for improving public health education, outbreaks prevention, and contagion management. The current study examined the perspectives of 895 participants regarding the relationship between Mpox and COVID-19. The median age of the participants was 22 years (IQR: 20-26), with 58.2% being female, 50.5% healthcare students, and 49.5% from the general population. Females were more concerned about Mpox (56.2%), while males were more concerned about COVID-19 (55.6%) (p<0.001). Income affected concerns, with lower earners more worried about COVID-19 and higher earners more focused on Mpox (p=0.038). Males had more positive attitudes towards Mpox (mean = 31.39) than females (mean = 30.19). Higher income also correlated with better knowledge scores (p=0.007). Multiple linear regression analysis confirmed that gender (B = 1.01, p<0.001) and disease concern (B = -1.03, p<0.001) significantly influenced attitudes. Healthcare students (B = 0.64, p<0.001) and higher-income participants (B = 0.61, p=0.001) had significantly higher knowledge scores. We conclude that conducting educational sessions for healthcare professionals would enhance their understanding of Mpox, improving their capacity to respond to potential outbreaks and engage in informed public health communication. By combining accessible public education with targeted professional training, these efforts can contribute to better preparedness and disease management.