Multi-Modal Approach to Preventing Suicide in Schools (MAPSS): A regionally-based UK pilot study

Background: Despite emerging evidence for the effectiveness of school-based suicide prevention programmes worldwide, there are few being implemented in the United Kingdom, and their feasibility, acceptability, and utility are not yet known. Cultural transferability of school-based interventions cannot be guaranteed, and adaptations may be required. We aimed to conduct a pilot study of an adapted version of the Australian Multi-Modal Approach to Preventing Suicide in Schools (MAPSS), to assess its feasibility and acceptability for delivery in the UK. Adaptations included modernised context, UK sources of support and compulsory completion of safety plans. Methods: A mixed-methods pilot study was conducted. A pre/post-test quantitative design was used with Year 10 students (aged 14-15) from two secondary schools in Northwest England (n=417). Participants were assessed at three timepoints using online quantitative surveys. A qualitative process evaluation was conducted with 24 students and professionals. Results: MAPSS was considered an acceptable and feasible programme, although there were some barriers to implementation that need to be addressed. There were no issues with safety and missing data were within acceptable limits. Quantitative analyses also suggest potential for improvements on a range of secondary outcome measures, including suicide literacy, suicide ideation, depression, hopelessness, and help-seeking intentions. Conclusions: MAPSS is appropriate to deliver in UK schools and may be beneficial for students. A larger trial is considered feasible and is required in order to further explore the utility and potential effectiveness of MAPSS. However, there needs to be more consideration of the logistical and staffing pressures within schools, in order to support implementation.