Differential Fertility Awareness: Unveiling the Impact of Contraceptive Practices, Educational Attainment, and Socioeconomic Gradients Among Women.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge about fertility among women using and not using contraceptives, and to analyze the impact of education and socioeconomic status on reproductive health awareness. Materials and methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted online with a representative sample of 1987 women aged 18–76 who voluntarily completed an online questionnaire. Participants were divided into groups according to contraceptive use and education level. Results The results showed that women using contraception had a higher level of knowledge about fertility than those not using contraceptive methods. Higher levels of education and better socioeconomic status were associated with increased fertility knowledge and greater likelihood of contraceptive use. Differences in contraceptive method preference by education level were also observed - higher education was associated with the choice of more advanced methods, such as hormonal IUDs. Conclusions The results of the study suggest the need to expand access to reproductive health education and to redress inequalities in fertility awareness among different social groups, which may contribute to improving reproductive health and the quality of family planning.