The Invisible Triggers : Family and Social Dynamics in the Onset and Delay of Depression Diagnosis in Adolescents and Young Adults – A Systemic Review

BACKGROUND Depression in adolescents and young adults is often misunderstood as purely biological, while the influence of family dynamics, peer relationships, and social neglect remains under recognized. OBJECTIVE This review explores how psychosocial environments—particularly family and peer interactions—contribute to the onset of depression and delay in its diagnosis. METHODS A systematic search was conducted for studies published between 2019 and 2025 focusing on individuals aged 12–30, examining the role of family and social factors in depression onset and diagnostic delay. RESULTS Twelve studies were included. Findings highlight that emotional neglect, family conflict, peer rejection, and lack of mental health awareness within the home significantly increase both the risk of depression and the time taken to identify and treat it. CONCLUSION Depression often begins in silence—shaped by the subtle yet powerful forces of family and social dynamics. Recognizing these invisible triggers is essential for timely diagnosis and early intervention.