An innovative technique for sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen as a cell lung cancer marker

Herein, a chemiluminescent (CL) aptasensor was proposed constructed by aptamer-aptamer bioconjugate for ultrasensitive determination of CYFRA21-1 as a lung cancer biomarker. The sensing mechanism was based on the incorporation of luminol into a cobalt-based metal–organic framework (MOF), also called ZIF-67, to generate a composite of the luminol@ZIF-67. And then, perceptional complex was modified with CYFRA21-1 specific aptamer (luminol@ZIF-67-apt) as signal probe. From this, ssDNA was immobilized on PVP/NiO nanocomposite which had been functionalized, allowing hybridization with the aptamer by complementary base pairing. In the presence of CYFRA 21-1, the target-CYFRA 21-1/luminol@ZIF-67-apt/PVP/NiO-ssDNA sandwich-like ternary complex could be assembled and induced the generation of intense CL emission. Under the optimized conditions, the sensor showed a broad linear detection ranging from 10 ^⁻5 to 10⁴ ng/mL, with a detection limit (LOD) of 3.7 × 10 ^⁻ ⁵ ng/mL. Reproducibility (RSD = 3.81%) and long-term stabilities was achieved, where the signal was respectively retained to 98.22 and 97.87% over 20 and 33 days. The recovery experiments in spiked human serum samples were in the range from 96.00% to 99.30%, and RSDs were varied from 3.41% to 4.07%, indicating that the aptasensor had good stability and good potential in complex biological matrices. Such a strategy holds a great promise for ultrasensitive detection of protein biomarkers for clinical bio-analysis.