The Role and Practice of Medical Humanistic Nursing in the Psychological Management of Patients with Lumbar Spine Internal Fixation during the Perioperative Period

Objective To assess the impact of mental health on the prognosis of patients undergoing lumbar spinal fixation and to explore the role of humanistic nursing in improving outcomes. Background There is a gap in research regarding the changes in anxiety and depression among patients during the perioperative period for lumbar spinal fixation, and their psychological state's effect on prognosis is unclear. Design: A retrospective cohort study utilizing questionnaire surveys at 1 week preoperatively, 1 week postoperatively, and 6 months postoperatively. Methods 84 patients who underwent lumbar spinal fixation surgery received humanistic care from nurses. Follow-up surveys included sociodemographic data, SF-36 scores, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0, with correlations assessed by the Spearman test.st. Results Preoperative SAS scores were significantly higher than postoperative scores at 1 week (43.3 vs. 33.3) and 6 months (27.5). SF-36 scores improved significantly postoperatively, indicating better quality of life. Female patients showed higher SAS and SDS scores and lower SF-36 scores, suggesting slower recovery. Conclusions Humanistic nursing interventions significantly reduce anxiety and depression and improve quality of life in patients undergoing lumbar spinal fixation surgery, emphasizing the need for psychological support, especially for female patients. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Active and effective humanistic nursing interventions led by nurses should be implemented to alleviate patients' psychological distress during the perioperative period of lumbar internal fixation, to promote patients' postoperative rehabilitation and improve patients' overall quality of life.