Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) Regarding Antibiotic Use among University Students at Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia: A Pilot Study

Background: Inappropriate use of antibiotics is a major contributor to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), an escalating global health threat, especially in low- and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia. University students represent a critical population for educational interventions, as their knowledge and behaviors may influence public health outcomes. Understanding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to antibiotic use among university students is essential for early public health interventions. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional pilot study was conducted from May 29 to June 6, 2025, at Bahir Dar University. Seventy undergraduate students from diverse colleges and faculties participated via a structured online questionnaire shared through faculty Telegram groups. The survey assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding antibiotic use. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS with descriptive and comparative statistics. Results: Among the 70 respondents, 88.6% reported previous antibiotic use. While 70% correctly identified antibiotics as effective only against bacteria, 14.3% believed that they work against both bacteria and viruses. Notably, 17.1% believed it was acceptable to stop taking antibiotics when symptoms improved, and 7.1% considered leftover antibiotics safe to reuse. A total of 60% reported sharing antibiotics, 65.7% had taken antibiotics without medical consultation, and only 38.6% always completed the full course. Despite this, 78.6% acknowledged that unnecessary use contributes to resistance. While 80% supported completing prescribed courses, gaps in knowledge and inappropriate practices persisted, particularly among males and lower-year students. Conclusions: The findings highlight widespread misconceptions and risky practices related to antibiotic use among university students. These patterns indicate an urgent need for targeted educational interventions and stronger public health policies to address AMR.