Eco-friendly capillary gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (CGC- FID) to determine metronidazole benzoate: Greenness and whiteness evaluation with applications in dosage forms

The fast and validated capillary gas chromatographic method equipped with a flame ionization detector (CGC-FID) has been improved to determine metronidazole benzoate (MTB) in the pure state and marketed dosage forms. Miconazole nitrate (MCN) was used as an internal standard. Initially, the oven temperature was 210°C for 10 min. Then, through the thermal programming of the oven, the temperature was raised to 250°C at a rate of 10°C/minute and maintained for 10 min. Meanwhile, the injector port and detector temperatures were fixed at 260°C. MTB was first separated and then MCN at retention times of 4.2 and 12.0 min, respectively. The response-concentration graph is linear over the 3.0–125.0 µg/mL range with a LOD of 0.16 µg/mL. The suggested approach was validated according to ICH criteria and utilized to analyze commercial medication formulations. It was found that the findings matched those obtained using the comparison approach to the quantitative analysis of MTB in an oral suspension. The Analytical Greenness metric Approach AGREE-Prep, Analytical Eco-Scale, AGREE, Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI), White Analytical Chemistry (WAC), and applications to our presented methodology show further access to this study.