Beyond the disease: Understanding caregivers’ perspectives of relatives with tuberculosis in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea

Introduction: TB remains a critical public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The high burden of TB places an increasing strain on families. Despite substantial support from families for relatives with TB, knowledge about their caregiving experiences is limited, especially in Papua New Guinea. This study examines caregivers' experiences caring for family members with tuberculosis (TB). Study design and methods: This qualitative study employed hermeneutic techniques to investigate the experiences of fifteen individuals with relatives diagnosed with TB in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Participants were selected using a combination of triangulation sampling methods, including convenience and purposive sampling. Data were gathered through recorded, in-depth interviews, observations, and field notes from January to May 2025, and analysed using the Colaizzi data analysis approach. Results: Key themes emerged regarding the emotional and physical challenges of caregiving, the disruption of family dynamics, and the social stigma associated with TB. Caregivers shared various coping strategies, including spiritual practices, family support, and community involvement, to help them navigate the challenges of caregiving. Conclusion : The diverse views of families with TB on supporting affected individuals provide valuable insights. Understanding these perspectives is crucial for developing targeted healthcare interventions for caregivers and supporters. In rural areas, this study can guide nurses in equipping families with knowledge about TB to reduce transmission and ensure effective treatment outcomes.