Perceptions, attitude and willingness of pregnant women towards Caesarean Section in the Nkwanta South Municipality, Ghana

Background A Caesarean section is typically necessitated when vaginal birth might endanger the mother or the unborn child. Although some women opt for caesarean sections, research has shown that others oppose it even in the face of an emergency. Much has not been known about why most pregnant women do not willingly opt of CS Objectives This study assessed pregnant women's perceptions, attitudes and willingness towards the caesarean section in the Nkwanta South Municipality. Method The study employed a mixed concurrent methods approach. For the quantitative aspect, an analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among women who reside in the Nkwanta South Municipality in the Oti region. A total of 422 pregnant women in four selected health facilities. Again, for the qualitative aspect of the study, 12 pregnant women were interviewed with after consent was given. Results A study surveyed 422 Christian pregnant women aged 20–29, revealing religion, ethnicity, cultural factors, and willingness to undergo Caesarean Section. Reasons for refusal included cost, fear, pain, dying, and educational level. Concerns included long recovery periods, poor perception, and worker safety. Conclusion This study in Nkwanta South Municipality found that while most pregnant women have a positive perception of Caesarean sections, they still express concerns about complications, pain, risk of death, and mockery. Education efforts have partially been effective, but there is still a gap in addressing specific fears and misconceptions. The study suggests that improving perceived behavioural control through education can positively impact attitudes.