Analysis of Risk Factors for Taxane-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Based on a Bayesian Network Model

Objective This study aims to investigate the factors influencing peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer patients treated with taxane-based chemotherapy and the interrelationships between these factors, providing a reference for targeted interventions. Methods A survey was conducted on 350 breast cancer chemotherapy patients from Tangshan People's Hospital using general information questionnaires, Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile, Anxiety and Depression Scale, Social Support Scale, Sleep Quality Scale, Physical Activity Scale, and Frailty Scale. The study examined the factors contributing to chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and the relationships between these factors. Results The incidence of peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy was 79.1%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that age, chemotherapy regimen, hypertension, depression, body mass index (BMI), frailty, sleep quality, healthy lifestyle, social support, and physical activity were significant factors influencing the development of CIPN (all P  < 0.05). Bayesian network modeling revealed that age, BMI, hypertension, depression, and chemotherapy regimen were directly associated with CIPN. Sleep quality, frailty, and social support were indirectly related to CIPN through depression. Physical activity was indirectly related to CIPN through BMI, while a healthy lifestyle influenced CIPN through hypertension. The highest probability of developing CIPN (96.88%) was observed in patients aged > 50 years, with BMI > 25 kg/m², depression, undergoing ≥ 4 cycles of chemotherapy, and having hypertension. Conclusion The incidence of peripheral neuropathy in breast cancer patients treated with taxane-based chemotherapy is high. Healthcare providers should focus on high-risk populations for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Multidisciplinary collaboration and comprehensive interventions are essential to reduce the risk of developing peripheral neuropathy.