L2 learners’ behavioral and cognitive engagement in AI-supported English writing

Advancements in technology and artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly influencing second and foreign language (L2) learning. The integration of AI in L2 education highlights the importance of understanding and investigating its pedagogical and psychological roles and effects. Unlike conventional methods, AI-driven models offer L2 writing students personalized corrective feedback, real-time adjustments, and adaptive scaffolding that empower them to tackle unique challenges at their own pace. In addition, these platforms boost learners' motivation, bridge the gap between technical skill acquisition and emotional engagement. Utilizing qualitative mixed methods (classroom observations, student reflective journals, and semi-structured interviews), the current research assesses the perspectives of 54 Saudi undergraduate students on AI tools in L2 writing classrooms. The findings accentuate the dual impact of AI: technical enhancing writing skills and improving writing outcomes while promoting learners' motivation and fostering a positive attitude towards the writing process. Ultimately, such atmospheres have the potential for nurturing a more engaged, autonomous, and confident generation of EFL learners. The findings also underscore the necessity of integrating such technologies into language education and encouraging innovative teaching strategies. Future research should optimize these platforms for various educational contexts and evaluate their long-term effects on writing skills, feedback literacy, and learner motivation,