Psychological and Sexual Effects of Infertility Diagnosis in Men in a Prospective Study
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Background Infertility is a growing global health concern that imposes not only biological but also profound psychological and emotional burdens on affected individuals. In men, the psychological impact of an infertility diagnosis—particularly its effect on anxiety, depression, and sexual function—remains insufficiently explored. Methods This prospective, single-center study evaluated 200 male patients aged 21 to 46 years who presented with suspected infertility. Psychological and sexual function assessments were conducted at baseline and three months post-diagnosis using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-15). Demographic characteristics, hormonal profiles, semen analysis, and lifestyle factors (education, smoking, and alcohol consumption) were also recorded. Paired sample t-tests were used to assess within-subject changes over time, and one-way ANOVA was performed to explore associations with educational attainment and lifestyle habits. Results At three months following diagnosis, patients exhibited a significant increase in depression and anxiety scores (BDI: 6.10 ± 5.14 to 12.09 ± 6.76; BAI: 4.19 ± 3.87 to 8.90 ± 6.96; p < 0.001 for both). Concurrently, significant reductions were observed in sexual function scores, including erectile function (27.92 ± 3.42 to 25.80 ± 3.58; p < 0.001), orgasmic function, sexual desire, intercourse satisfaction, and overall satisfaction. Education level did not significantly affect depression or anxiety overall, but participants with only secondary education showed higher anxiety scores at follow-up (p = 0.007). Conclusions An infertility diagnosis is associated with a marked deterioration in psychological well-being and sexual performance in men. These findings underscore the necessity of incorporating routine psychological assessment and support into infertility management, especially for socioeconomically vulnerable populations.
