Two Voices, One War: NLP and LDA for Sociological Analysis of Political Communication on Twitter vis-a-vis the Ukrainian War

In moments of pivotal geopolitical importance, such as Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, sentiment analysis of political communication offers a unique lens through which to examine how national interests are articulated and emotional tones are conveyed in public discourse. This study explores how Members of Parliament (MPs) in Poland and the United Kingdom addressed the war on the X platform (formerly Twitter) during its first year, treating parliamentary communication as an indicator of collective political positioning. While both countries have consistently supported Ukraine, the analysis revealed notable differences: British MPs expressed significantly more positive sentiment overall, whereas Polish MPs, despite addressing the Ukrainian topic more frequently, communicated in a more emotionally restrained and neutral tone. The study thus sheds light on the contrasting communicative styles and underlying political orientations that emerge in response to the same international crisis. Contemporary natural language processing tools—such as language models and thematic analysis—were employed to systematically compare messages across two distinct political and linguistic contexts.