Correlation between blood glucose control and tumor markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective To study the correlation between blood glucose control indicators such as time within time in range (TIR), time below range (TBR), time above range (TAR) and tumor markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 150 patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from March 2020 to May 2022 were collected. According to the continuous glucose monitoring system, they were divided into unqualified group (78 cases) (TIR≤70%) and qualified group (72 cases) (TIR>70%). Age, disease course, TIR and glucose above TAR, glucose below TBR, FPG, fasting insulin (FINS), fasting C-peptide (FC-P), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were collected. Insulin homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA199), Carbohydrate Antigen724 (CA724), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), Cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen21-1 (CYFRA21-1), progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) and ferritin (FER). Results The course of disease, HbA1c, FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR, CA199, CA724, CYFRA2 and ProGRP in the unqualified group were significantly higher than those in the qualified group. The correlation analysis showed that TIR was negatively correlated with CA199 (r=-0.30, P <0.01) and ProGRP (r=-0.31, P <0.01). TAR was positively correlated with CA199 (r=0.30, P <0.01) and ProGRP (r=0.26, P <0.01). Conclusion Increasing TIR and decreasing TAR can reduce the risk of elevated tumor markers in T2DM patients. Clinical trial number ChiCTR1800019107.