Design, Synthesis, and Reactivity Study of (3-(4-Bromophenyl)-Isoxazol-5-yl) Methanol with Isobutyric Acid

Background Isoxazole derivatives are a pivotal class of heterocyclic compounds with extensive applications in medicinal chemistry, agrochemicals, and materials science. Their five-membered ring, containing nitrogen and oxygen, imparts diverse chemical reactivity and potential biological activities. Methods This study presents a comprehensive synthesis of isoxazole derivatives via [3 + 2] cycloaddition and Fischer esterification. Nitrile oxides and alkynes, catalyzed by cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN) under mild, sustainable conditions, were key reactants. Structural integrity and purity were confirmed using FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Reaction conditions were optimized for high yield and minimal byproducts. Results The synthesized isoxazole derivatives exhibited high chemical stability and purity, with spectral data confirming the formation of target structures. Based on structural features and literature, these compounds are promising for antimicrobial and anticancer evaluations. Their robust properties suggest utility in industrial applications, such as polymer modification and dye production. Conclusion This study establishes an efficient, green synthetic pathway for isoxazole derivatives. Future work will involve biological screenings for antimicrobial and anticancer activities and expanding the derivative library for pharmaceutical and industrial applications.