Validation of the instrument Life Conditions Scale (LifeCon Scale) in university students of health sciences degrees in Spain

Background Health promotion in universities is a key approach supported by the World Health Organization (WHO), which integrates actions to improve the physical, mental and social well-being of the educational community. This study aims to analyse the psychometric properties of the LifeConScale tool adapted for university health science students in Spain, assessing its internal consistency and construct validity. Methods An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and multicenter study was carried out with a sample of 567 students from 11 Spanish universities during the 2023–2024 academic year. Several sociodemographic variables, life habits and academic performance were used. Results Exploratory factor analysis identified six key dimensions in the questionnaire, which explained 88.4% of the variance. Construct validity was confirmed with a KMO index of 0.8621, and internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, obtaining high levels of reliability in all dimensions. Conclusions The results highlight that the tool is useful for assessing university students' living conditions and habits, such as physical activity, substance use and psychosocial skills. This assessment can serve as a basis for implementing health promotion policies in universities, with a positive impact on both students' well-being and academic performance. It is concluded that the LifeConScale is a valid and reliable instrument to diagnose the health of the university population.