Academic Tangping Scale for College Students in China: Scale Development, Validation and Application

In light of the universality of the Tangping phenomenon and the lack of measurement tools, this study aims to develop Academic Tangping Scale for assessing this phenomenon among for college students in China. Based on data from 644 Chinese university students, the Academic Tangping Scale was developed and validated, identifying three dimensions: affective, behavioral, and cognitive. Results from multiple stages of validation demonstrate that the scale exhibits strong reliability and validity, confirming its effectiveness as a measurement tool. The scale's application was further validated through Pearson correlations with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. The scale acknowledges limitations, such as insufficient sample representativeness and lack of measurement invariance and test-retest reliability due to research design and privacy protection. Corresponding suggestions were provided. Overall, the scale demonstrates strong psychometric properties, providing educators and researchers with an effective tool to identify and understand the academic "lying flat" phenomenon. This tool not only aids in developing targeted interventions but also facilitates in-depth research on student mental health, offering important insights for improving educational practices and student support systems.