Simulation and Parametric Analysis of Microbial Fuel Cells Using MATLAB-Based Mathematical Modelling

This paper describes a comprehensive mathematical model for simulating the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) with MATLAB. The model involves bioelectrochemical, mass transport, and microbial growth kinetics to predict MFC behaviour at different operating conditions. A two-chamber MFC arrangement was simulated with specific interest in substrate utilization, biofilm growth kinetics, and electrochemical reaction at the anode. The model was able to accurately simulate polarization curves, power density yield, and rate of substrate degradation with precision less than 7% from experiments documented on lab-scale MFCs. Sensitivity analyses indicated biofilm conductivity and substrate concentration as factors that play a major role in affecting power production, with optimal performance for certain hydraulic retention times. The simulation framework provides a useful tool for the optimization of MFC design, minimizing the need for large laboratory experimentation. The ability of the model to forecast long-term performance and stability makes it especially suitable for upscaling MFC technology for real-world applications in wastewater treatment and bioenergy generation.