Effect of Nutrition Education to Enhance Dietary Adherence Among Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Diabetic follow-up Clinics in Addis Ababa: A Multi-center Quasi Experimental Study Based on the Health Belief Model

INTRODUCTION;Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D), is Aa Life-Threatening Condition Of Public Health Concern. it worsens acute and Chronic complications. However, lifestyle interventions reduce the risk of both acute and chronic complications, and nutrition education can empower individuals on the appropriate metabolic control, global lifestyle changes and optimize quality of life. OBJECTIVE; The study was to assess the effect of nutrtion educational intervention to enhance dietary adherence among type II diabetes mellitus patients. METHOD; A quasi- experimental study was conducted By Allocating Hospitals Into An Intervention that Was Receive Nutrition Education against Controls That Would Receive The Routine Service. Data was measured twice (baseline and end line survey after twelveweek.The data was collected using kobo toolbox.The collected data was exported to Spss version 25 Continuous variables was presented as the mean± standard deviation and categorical variables presented as percentages. Comparisons between groups was performed using paired-samples t tests to assess the Effect of educational intervention on Dietary Adherence. At 95% confidence level, value with p-values less than 0.05 was considered signifcant for all statistical tests. Result. The mean pre- and postintervention nutritional knowledge was 1.35 and 2.46 and Dietary Adherence was 2.8324 And 5.8002 in intervention group, respectively. The increase in mean nutritional knowledge and dietary adherence was statistically significant (P < 0.001). In control group, the pre- and postintervention mean nutritional knowledge was 1.40 and 1.40 and good dietary Adherence was,2.8567 and 2.9142 respectively. but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05) .There was significant (P < 0.001) improvement in the scores of HBM constructs in intervention group. Conclusion and Recommendations. Providing nutrition education based on Health Belief Model improves nutritional knowledge and dietary adherence of type II diabetes mellitus patients. Hence, governmental, nongovernmental organization, and health-care provider should include Health Belief Model construct into existing nutrition education programs. Moreover, government should incorporate HBM theory into national nutrition education guidelines.