Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Cenchrus Biflorus for Lead(II) Sensing and Catalytic Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol

The present study provides a low-scale, cost-effective, and ecologically sustainable approach to producing silver nanoparticles using Cenchrus biflorus. Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-vis spectrophotometer, and X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD) were employed to characterize the nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles' optical properties were examined using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer, which showed an absorbance peak at 430 nm. through SEM analysis, the shape of silver nanoparticles was identified, and their sizes vary from 30 to 80 nm. FTIR analysis identified bioactive stabilizing agents “present in the silver nanoparticles which included phenols along with flavonoids, triterpenoids, anthraquinones, amino acids, carbohydrates, and alkaloids. The researchers controlled the AgNPs reaction using the volumetric ratio (01 mL: 05 mL) along with pH (pH = 8) and temperature (80°C) and time (1 hour) and concentration (0.10 mM). Furthermore, the research describes AgNPs as a sensitive method for hazardous metal detection and organic dye removal. Research was conducted on the catalytic reduction of lead (II) and 4-nitrophenol. Under normal conditions, the Nano sensor probe demonstrated a sensitive response to Pb ^+ 2 across a broad range of concentration (from 0.01 µM to 10 µM). 99.5% of 4-nitrophenol was broken down by AgNPs. Utilizing AgNPs for Pb ^+ 2 detection and 4-nitrophenol catalytic reduction yields efficient, productive, and consistent outcomes.