The Effect of Muscle Strength, Physical Performance, and Interleukin-6 on Cognitive Function in Frail Geriatrics

Background: The geriatric population is experiencing significant growth, which has led to increased attention to health issues that arise with aging, one of which is frailty. Frailty in the elderly is associated with impaired stress tolerance due to the decline in the function of various body organs, including sarcopenia and cognitive decline. This study aims to investigate the effects of muscle strength, physical performance, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels on cognitive function in frail geriatrics. Methods: This observational study involved 41 geriatric patients over the age of 60 who met the pre-frail and frail criteria based on the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) score. Data were collected through handgrip strength measurements for muscle strength, 5 time stand chair test for physical performance, and blood IL-6 levels. Cognitive function was assessed using the MoCA-INA questionnaire. Result: The results showed a significant relationship between muscle strength, physical performance, and IL-6 levels with cognitive decline in frail geriatrics. Overall, the decline in muscle strength and physical performance, along with increased IL-6 levels, can exacerbate cognitive function in elderly individuals with frailty. Conclussion: This study suggests the need for interventions that integrate the improvement of muscle strength and physical performance to prevent or delay cognitive decline in frail geriatrics.