The Association Between Increased Workload and Mental Health Outcomes Among Higher Education Staff in Australia

Background: High workload is associated with adverse mental health outcomes, yet its impact on academic staff remains underexplored. Aims : This study aimed to examine the relationship between workload and mental health among academics in Australian higher education (HE) institutions. Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted with 626 academics in an online survey. Excess workload and mental health outcomes were analyzed using regression and G-method analyses. Results : Academics reported an average annual workload of 3,256 hours, significantly exceeding the standard 1,824 hours. Approximately 25% experienced moderate to severe anxiety or depression, substantially higher than the general population. Mental health service utilization was three times higher among academics, yet 30% did not seek help. Each additional hour worked beyond 1,824 hours was associated with increases in anxiety and depression scores (β = 0.001) and odds of moderate to severe mental health issues (0.01%–0.02%). G-method analyses supported these findings showing a 2-3 point and a 13%–15% increase in respective scores and likelihood among those working excessive hours. Conclusions : The findings underscore the significant association between excessive workload and poor mental health among academics in Australian HE institutions. Addressing workload imbalances could play a critical role in improving mental health in this population.