Exploring the Functional Potential of Ureibacillus thermophilus LM102 through comprehensive and comparative Genome Analysis

This study aimed to conduct a phylogenetic and functional analysis of Ureibacillus thermophilus LM102. The phylogeny using the TYGS web server revealed that Ureibacillus thermophilus LM102 shares both mesophilic and thermophilic strain traits. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization values ranged from 19.1% to 37.4%, confirming the strain unique taxonomic classification. BlastKOALA identified genes involved in complete biotin, riboflavin, and cobalamin biosynthesis pathways, highlighting its industrial relevance. The P2RP web tool identified stress-response mechanisms including WalRK (YycFG), DesKR, LiaRS, BceRS, and ResDE adaptations to temperature fluctuations, low oxygen levels, and antibiotic stresses through TCS mechanisms. The pangenome analysis using the power-law regression based on Heaps' law revealed the ^B _P = 0.65, indicating the Ureibacillus genus has an open pangenome nature. Furthermore, the pan-genomic analysis using Roary revealed the stains possess 1006 genes encoding for hypothetical proteins. The gene ontology and physicochemical properties of the HPs were carried out using UPIMAPI and ExPASy. Of the total hypothetical protein, 49.36% is involved in molecular function, 41.71% in biological processes, and 6.36% in cellular components. Notably, 500 HPs exhibited known protein domains, and the average Aliphatic Index of these proteins is as high as 105.08, suggesting the high thermostability of the proteins. These findings suggest that Ureibacillus thermophilus LM102 has significant potential for applications in biotechnology and industrial processes.