Cardiac Troponin I, Interleukin-6, and Atherogenic Index Levels in Type 2 Diabetics in Osogbo Osun State, Nigeria.

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, characterized by elevated cardiac biomarkers such as cardiac troponin I (TnI), inflammatory markers like interleukin-6 (IL-6), and adverse lipid profiles reflected in atherogenic indices. This study aimed to investigate these specific markers in T2DM patients in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, to assess their CVD risk. Results A case-control cross-sectional study was conducted in 100 T2DM patients and 100 non-diabetic controls. Physiological and biochemical measurements, including blood pressure, lipid profiles, serum IL-6 levels, and cardiac TnI levels, were evaluated. T2DM patients had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol levels, and lower HDL cholesterol levels. Serum IL-6 levels and atherogenic indices (cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic coefficient, and atherogenic index of plasma) were also higher in T2DM patients. Elevated cardiac TnI levels (> 0.4 ng/ml) were observed in T2DM patients. Conclusion T2DM patients in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria have a higher CVD risk due to adverse physiological and biochemical profiles. Early detection and management of T2DM and CVD risk factors are crucial.