How does the business environment ecosystem boost Tourism Industry Efficiency? fresh insights from a configuration perspective

Optimizing the business environment to improve Tourism Industry Efficiency (TIE) was an urgent issue that the tourism industry needed to address. The coupling of market and government institutional logics gave rise to multiple business environment ecosystems. From a configuration perspective, we innovatively analyzed the complex relationship between business environment ecosystems and TIE. The research findings were as follows: the individual elements of any business environment were not a necessary condition for TIE, but the market environment provided more general support; the simultaneous absence of both market and government resulted in low-level TIE; five configurations of business environment promoted high-level TIE and were equivalent, challenging the destination management model based on optimal solutions. The research results were of significant theoretical importance in revealing the complex relationship between business environment and TIE, and provided practical insights for enhancing the tourism industry in regions.