Diversity of Mangrove Flora of Marau, Solomon Islands

Mangrove ecosystems have attracted increasing global attention for their vital ecosystem services and exceptional carbon storage capacity. This study assessed and updated the species composition and population structure of two mangrove forests in the Marau Sound region of Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. Circular plots (7 m radius) were established at 25-meter intervals along transects running from the seaward to the landward edge of the forests to capture representative ecological data. The primary aim was to determine the current diversity of true mangrove species in the region. A total of 12 true mangrove species were recorded within the study plots, though observations outside the plots suggest the number could reach up to 26. The Rhizophoraceaefamily was found to be the most dominant, with Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Rhizophora apiculata identified as the most ecologically significant species. Notably, the study confirmed the presence of Sonneratia alba and Heritiera littoralis , two species not previously documented in Marau, thus contributing a valuable update to the regional mangrove inventory. These findings highlight Marau as a critical mangrove habitat with species that offer significant potential for blue carbon sequestration, emphasizing the need for continued research and conservation efforts in the region.