Spatial and temporal evolution analysis of carbon emissions and ecosystem service value from land use in Henan province

Ecosystem services play a crucial role in human living conditions, while land use change directly affects regional carbon emissions and the value of ecosystem services. Therefore, this paper analyzes the land use carbon emissions and ecosystem service value of Henan Province from 2002 to 2022 based on the goal of "double carbon ". The results show: (1) From 2002 to 2022, Henan Province will see a decline in cropland and grassland and an increase in construction land and forest land. (2) From 2002 to 2022, carbon emissions in Henan Province increased from 73,482,100 tons in 2002 to 184,788,700 tons in 2022, and the net carbon emissions from land were mainly concentrated in the east, center, and north. (3) The value of ecosystem services in Henan Province was 189.937 billion yuan in 2002 and 194.6 billion yuan in 2022, and the ESV increased year by year, with forested land and grassland contributing the most to the ESV. (4) Land carbon emissions and ESV show a negative spatial correlation increasing year by year from 2002 to 2022, indicating a spatial shift from agglomeration to dispersion of the two. The results of the study will contribute to the development of scientific land management policies in Henan Province and are of great significance to the realization of sustainable development.