One-Health KAP Measures and Their Influence on Health Outcomes in Suburban Population: A Study of Karu, Nasarawa State in Nigeria

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Abstract

Background: One Health (OH) is an interdisciplinary approach that recognizes the connection between human, animal, and environmental (plant inclusive) health. However, little is known about how socio-demographic factors, such as age, sex, occupation effect health outcomes from social behaviours (based on knowledge, attitude and practice) in suburban population which are transition points between urban and rural communities. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the OH knowledge, attitudes, and practices and how these factors influence health outcomes within a sub-urban context. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Karu Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. A quantitative data collection for among adults (above 18) sampled 130 respondents. Multivariate regression analysis and Chi-square test were used for analysis. Results: Our findings revealed the overall scores for knowledge (poor=55.4%, good=44.6%), attitude (attitude=31.1%, positive=66.9) and practices (poor=83.1%, good=16.9%). The association between socio-demographic factors and knowledge revealed that the only statistically significant associations were found between knowledge and age range (chi-square = 9.982, p-value = 0.041), educational level (chi-square = 12.480, p-value = 0.014) and occupation (chi-square = 15.848, p-value = 0.007) at statistical p-level < 0.05. The Chi-square test of association between the KAP and health outcomes revealed that there were significant associations between the health outcomes overall knowledge (chi-square = 4.153, p-value = 0.042) and overall practice (chi-square = 3.428, p-value = 0.050). The predictors of healthy state outcomes were determined by using the logistic regression analysis showed that poor overall knowledge is 0.5 less likely to have healthy state outcome (AOR = 0.538, p-value = 0.119), likewise, poor overall practice is 0.4 times less likely to have heathy state outcome (AOR = 0.441, p-value = 0.178). Finally, the study concludes that Karu has low knowledge level and poor OH related practices with OH knowledge varying across age, occupation and level of educations.

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