Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol of Type 1 Diabetes Registries: An Insight into Clinical and Epidemiological Observations

Background The growing burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), particularly the rising incidence of Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) in children, necessitates the need for robust disease registries which are essential for capturing high-quality clinical and epidemiological data across diverse ethnic and geographic populations. Evaluating the scope, structure, and adherence of these registries to global standards can help identify healthcare disparities, barriers to access, and inform cross-learning opportunities across settings. Objective To estimate the burden of T1D by examining epidemiological indicators such as incidence, complications and management strategies. Additionally, the review will explore patient profiles including sociodemographic characteristics, clinical presentation, and interaction with health systems to identify disparities and inform equitable care strategies across geographic and healthcare settings Methods A comprehensive literature search will be conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and Science Open to identify relevant studies published between 2004 and 2024. Studies eligible for inclusion will be those that report epidemiological or clinical data derived from T1D registries. Extracted data will include prevalence, incidence, complications, treatment outcomes, management strategies and registry characteristics. Only peer-reviewed, English-language studies with full-text availability will be included. Studies using registries that follow national or international standards, or demonstrate structured and detailed data collection methods, will be prioritized. Data will be synthesized narratively, supported by tabular summaries. Where adequate quantitative data are available, STATA software will be used to perform a meta-analysis to calculate pooled estimates of prevalence and complication rates. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses will be used to explore heterogeneity and assess the robustness of the findings. Publication bias will be evaluated using Begg’s and Egger’s tests to ensure the reliability of results. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis will generate critical insights into the structure, scope, and effectiveness of T1D registries globally, with an emphasis on pediatric populations. By identifying data gaps, epidemiological patterns, and disparities in care, this study will support the development of standardized, equitable, and cross-guided registry framework, contributing to improved policy, practice, and research in pediatric diabetes care. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO CRD420250654038