Investigation of Operating Theatre Pressure Injury Risk and Influencing Factors in Patients Undergoing Open Heart Surgery: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the risk of operating theatre pressure injury and the factors influencing this risk in patients undergoing open heart surgery. Method: Ethical approval was obtained before starting the study (Approval No: 2022/110). The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study between January 15, 2023 and April 1, 2023 . The sample of the study consisted of 147 patients who underwent open heart surgery at a university hospital in Şanlıurfa . The research data were collected using the Patient Identification Form and the 3S Operating Theatre Pressure Injury Risk Diagnosis Scale. Data were collected one day prior to and on the day of the surgery. SPSS 23.0 (IBM) was used for data analysis, and p<0.05 was considered the threshold to be statistically significant. This study utilized the STROBE checklist for reporting purposes. Results: The average age of the patients was 61.51 ± 11.66, with 63.1% being male and 40.6% having completed secondary education. Significant factors found to affect the risk of intraoperative pressure injury included a high body mass index (p = 0.005), prolonged surgery duration (p = 0.001), and moderate hypothermia (p = 0.030). Although the overall risk of pressure injury was found to be moderate, undergoing surgery for 6 hours or more (p = 0.001) and having a high BMI (p= 0.005) were determined to significantly increase this risk. Conclusion: This study showed that the risk of pressure injury in patients undergoing open-heart surgery is influenced by body mass index, surgery duration, and hypothermia. Preventive measures should be enhanced, especially for patients with prolonged surgeries and high BMI.