Research on Densification Mechanism of Particle Packing under Mechanical Vibration

Granular packing systems play a critical role in the fields of scientific research and industry. In this study, Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulation employed high-fidelity to investigate the packing densification process of a monodisperse spherical granular packing bed under mechanical vibration. The influence of vibration time, amplitude, frequency and vibration intensity on the densification were systematically systematically mapped. Additionally, this study examined the macroscopic and microscopic properties of particles. The results revealed that vibration time is the key variable for controlling densification. The axial displacement of particles tends to stabilize when the vibration time is 15-second window, resulting in a stable loose packing structure. The influence of amplitude and frequency on the porosity shows a non-monotonic change. Low frequencies and moderate vibration intensities promote the rearrangement of particles, while excessive vibration intensities will damage the dense structure. The lowest porosity (ε = 0.112) can be achieved by a dimensionless vibration intensity Γ = 2 Through the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) optimization experiment, the optimal conditions for packing density were determined as a vibration amplitude of 2.4mm, a frequency of 5.7Hz and a time of 29.7s. The packing density reached 0.89, with an 1.44% deviation compared to the predicted value of the model, verifying the accuracy of the model. The study provides theoretical support for understanding the mechanism of particle packing densification and has important reference significance for relevant industrial applications.