Study on the Correlation between CDKN2A and Prognosis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer as Well as the Efficacy of Capecitabine Treatment

Objective: To investigate the expression differences of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) in capecitabine-resistant versus sensitive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients and its prognostic value, aiming to provide evidence for adjuvant treatment population screening. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 52 TNBC patients who received capecitabine-based adjuvant intensive therapy at Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2018 to September 2019 (33 in sensitive group vs 19 in resistant group). CDKN2A expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. Survival outcomes were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves, while logistic regression analyzed factors influencing capecitabine efficacy. Results: 1. CDKN2A expression showed no statistically significant correlation with disease-free survival ( P =0.104), but demonstrated significant association with overall survival ( P = 0.012) in TNBC patients.2. CDKN2A expression showed no correlation with clinicopathological characteristics ( P > 0.05).3. Multivariate logistic regression identified CDKN2A expression level as an independent influencing factor for capecitabine efficacy ( P = 0.036). Conclusion: Low CDKN2A expression is significantly associated with improved overall survival and enhanced capecitabine sensitivity in TNBC patients, suggesting its potential as a predictive biomarker for guiding adjuvant therapy decisions.