Efficacy Analysis of HBOT Combined with rhBMP-2 Augmented Cannulated Screw Fixation for Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures in Young Adults

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of HBOT combined with rhBMP-2 assisted cannulated screw fixation in treating displaced femoral neck fractures in young adults. Methods: Eighty patients with displaced femoral neck fractures were enrolled and randomly divided into a treatment group (n=40) and a control group (n=40). Both groups underwent closed reduction and cannulated screw compression internal fixation. The treatment group additionally received intraoperative rhBMP-2 implantation and postoperative HBO therapy. Outcomes compared included operative time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, nonunion rate, 2-year femoral head necrosis rate, HHS and VAS pain scores Results: Follow-up was completed by 39 patients in the treatment group and 35 in the control group. Baseline characteristics showed no significant differences. Operative time and blood loss were comparable between groups. The treatment group exhibited a nonunion rate of 2.56% vs. 8.57% in the control group, and a femoral head necrosis rate of 5.12% vs. 14.28%, though these differences were not statistically significant. Fracture healing time was significantly shorter in the treatment group (4.21±1.09 vs. 4.71±0.95 months, P<0.05). HHS and VAS scores were significantly better in the treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combination of HBOT, rhBMP-2, and cannulated screw fixation may represent a favorable therapeutic option.