Innovative technology of microbiological leaching of phosphorus-containing mineralogical waste

With the increase in the volume of mineral extraction, large masses of unused rocks and man-made formations are formed, which can be processed or used in other industries. Sustainable development and conservation of ecosystems in the conditions of intensive extraction and processing of natural resources are becoming urgent problems of science. The development of new technologies for waste-free use of mineral resources and minimization of the impact on the environment is becoming a necessity. The mineralogical composition of phosphorus-containing waste in the city of Shymkent is represented by pseudowollastonite, cuspidine, ferraphosphorus, melilite, akermanite, rankinite, fluorapatite, whitlockite, fluorite and silicocarnotite. One of the solutions to the environmental problem of waste disposal is the use of waste-free biotechnological methods for bioleaching of valuable components. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to clarify the specific role of microorganisms in the bioleaching of metals, taking into account the influence of the composition of nutrient media on the leaching processes. It has been established that in the variants using elective media and microorganism cultures at the given parameters of S:L, temperature and exposure time for leaching metals from phosphorus-containing waste, no significant differences in the results of extracting the bulk of elements are observed. The used consortia from different groups of microorganisms selectively leach metals: the used consortium TIAI from strains of thiobacteria A. ferrooxidans ThIO1, A. ferrooxidans ThIO2 increased the yield of Mg -30.6, Al -7.58, Mn -28.4, Rb -22.9, Ta -13.4, Al 64.5, Zn 44.9 into the productive solution. The use of a consortium of strains of micromycetes ANAT A. niger ASIA, A. tubingensis ASPN proved to be effective in extracting Ti 71.4; V − 88.7; Sb − 73.4; W -61.8, the use of the Nemfos consortium from strains of nitrifying bacteria N.europeae Nit1, M. thermotolerans MSO - REE ions.