Static Short-Range Laser Circumferential Detection Using a Transmissive-Reflective Optical Architecture

To address the problem of short-range laser circumferential detection, this paper proposes a static detection method based on a transmissive-reflective combined optical system, building upon previous research on dynamic circumferential scanning mechanisms. In the transmissive-reflective optical system, the principle of equal energy distribution is applied to transform an incident Gaussian beam into a uniform-intensity conical detection beam capable of circumferential coverage. Based on laser near-field detection theory and the geometrical characteristics of the static detection field, the echo equation for single-pulse laser short-range detection using the transmissive-reflective combined optical system is derived, and a corresponding echo power distribution model is established. The effects of various parameters on the distribution of echo power in single-pulse laser short-range static circumferential detection are simulated and analyzed. The results indicate that the annular light radius at the focal plane and the beam tilt angle vary with changes in the moving distance and cone angle of the moving mirror within specified adjustment ranges. As the pulse laser emission power, cone angle of the conical moving mirror, moving distance, and target projection area increase, the amplitude of the pulse laser echo profile improves to varying degrees. The proposed short-range laser circumferential detection method expands the detection range, enhances accuracy and energy uniformity, and achieves low-power static omnidirectional detection, offering a novel and efficient solution for target circumferential sensing.