Drug Decriminalization: A Co-Designed Study Outlining the Implications for Providers of Youth Services

Background Death by drug toxicity is now the leading cause of death among youth in British Columbia (BC). In January 2023, BC implemented decriminalization for personal possession (2.5 grams) of certain substances for individuals 18 and over. The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of service providers who work with youth (ages 15–24). Specifically, the study aimed to explore: 1) their attitudes and beliefs regarding drug decriminalization, and 2) the knowledge and resources they need to effectively discuss drug decriminalization with their clients. Methods Community-based participatory research and interpretive description were used to co-design an interview guide and recruitment strategy with leaders at a BC integrated youth services initiative. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with service providers and data were coded using reflexive, inductive semantic thematic analysis. Results The thematic analysis revealed that while decriminalization was perceived as a “step in the right direction,” it remains insufficient to address the needs of youth in BC. Service providers expressed a significant disconnect between the policy and practical support required for youth clients. Despite their strong understanding of youth’s needs, providers reported a lack of involvement in the policy development process. Conclusion Service providers said that decriminalization is “a step in the right direction, but not enough.” Additional youth-centred policies and services are needed to address the drug toxicity crisis in BC, and service providers and people who use drugs need a seat at the table to inform, design, and implement policies that will impact youth who use drugs.