Subcapsular Renal Hematoma Following Double-J Stenting in an Infant with VUR: A Rare Complication After Pneumovesicoscopic Leadbetter Ureteroneocystostomy

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a prevalent pediatric urological anomaly often complicated by recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and renal injury. While double-J (DJ) stents are commonly placed during surgical correction to prevent obstruction, severe hemorrhagic complications, such as renal subcapsular hematoma, are extremely rare, particularly in infants. Herein, we describe an infant who developed a right subcapsular renal hematoma following pneumovesicoscopic Leadbetter ureteral reimplantation, likely resulting from renal parenchymal injury during retrograde DJ stent insertion. Multimodal imaging guided conservative management, resulting in complete resolution without compromising renal function. This case underscores the importance of infant-specific stenting strategies and heightened surveillance for rare complications in pediatric urology.