Fatty acids promote megakaryocyte biased differentiation

At present, the clinical demand for platelet transfusion is increasing, so new ways to promote the production of platelets in vivo and in vitro are urgently needed. However, the mechanism of megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation and platelet formation is still ambiguous and is also a major obstruction to artificial platelet production. In our study, we found that platelet counts were correlated with hyperlipidemia in humans. During human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) differentiation in vitro, human plasma (HP) promoted the differentiation of CD34 + hematopoietic cells into megakaryocyte progenitors (MKPs) at days 8–14. Fatty acid (FA) is the active component that promotes hiPSC-derived MK and proplatelet formation, and FA activates MK and platelet generation through the PPAR signaling pathway. Our data expand the theory of platelet differentiation and provide a technique for promoting platelet generation in vitro.