Assessing the Prevalence of Smoking Among Healthcare Workers in Wasit Governorate: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Background: Smoking is a leading cause of preventable diseases and mortality worldwide, impacting both smokers and those exposed to secondhand smoke. Healthcare workers play a crucial role in promoting public health, and their smoking behaviors can undermine their effectiveness as advocates. Understanding the prevalence and factors influencing tobacco use among healthcare professionals is essential for developing effective public health strategies. Objective : To assess the prevalence of smoking among healthcare workers and identify factors associated with smoking behaviors. Methods : A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed, surveying 1,364 healthcare workers across various roles in primary healthcare facilities. Stratified random sampling was utilized to ensure representative participation. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire addressing demographics, smoking status, and attitudes toward smoking. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25, including chi-square and binary logistic regression tests to identify predictors of smoking. Results: The findings indicated that the prevalence of current smokers among participants was 16.4%, with notable gender differences (35.6% of males vs. 0.8% of females, p < 0.001). Higher smoking rates were associated with older age groups and individuals with lower educational levels. Additionally, job titles affected smoking prevalence, with administrative staff showing the highest rates. Attitudes toward smoking revealed that current smokers were less likely to recognize its negative impact on job performance compared to non-smokers. Conclusion: The study highlights a concerning prevalence of smoking among healthcare workers in Wasit Governorate, influenced by demographic and occupational factors. These findings underscore the need for targeted smoking cessation interventions and educational programs to promote a healthier workforce.