Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Upper Limb Function and Quality of Life in Stroke Patients: A randomized control trial

Introduction: Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) facilitates neuromodulation and neuroplasticity in the brain, offering promising adjunctive therapy for stroke rehabilitation. Objective: This study aimed to assess the long-term effects of anodal tDCS on upper limb motor recovery, hand dexterity, and quality of life in stroke patients, while exploring the association between motor recovery and stroke severity. Methods: Sixty-seven stroke patients were randomized into control and experimental groups using sealed envelope randomization. The experimental group received 20 minutes of 2-mA anodal tDCS targeting the M1 area, three times per week for eight weeks, alongside task-oriented training. Outcome measures included the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Action Research Arm Test, and Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale, assessed at baseline, weeks 4, 8, and 20. Result: Within-group analysis demonstrated significant improvements in upper limb motor recovery (p < 0.05), hand dexterity, and quality of life in all groups, with the experimental group showing superior outcomes compared to controls. Notable improvements were observed in motor recovery across mild, moderate, and severe stroke severities, with significant effects persisting through follow-up. Conclusion: Anodal tDCS produced substantial short- and long-term benefits on motor recovery and hand dexterity but exhibited no significant effects on quality of life in the long term.