Sex- and age-related differences in kidney function in patients with psoriasis

Background Psoriasis is a prevalent multifactorial chronic inflammatory skin disease that may adversely impact kidney function in affected individuals. This study aimed to investigate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in hospitalized patients with psoriasis, analyze its influencing factors, and explore the effects of sex and age on eGFR in patients with psoriasis. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed eGFR values of 456 patients with psoriasis who were admitted to two hospitals in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province from January 2012 to December 2023 using multiple linear regression. Results The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among patients with psoriasis was 7.9% (36/456). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed sex (B = -5.50, P = 0.014), age (B = -23.10, P < 0.001), duration of psoriasis (B = -4.36, P = 0.018), hypertension (B = -9.41, P < 0.001), cardiovascular disease (B = -8.68, P = 0.019), and gout (B = -18.73, P < 0.001) as the main influencing factors of eGFR in hospitalized patients with psoriasis. Subgroup analysis by sex revealed age (B = -22.32, P < 0.001), duration of psoriasis (B = -4.95, P = 0.021), hypertension (B = -10.65, P < 0.001), and gout (B = -17.56, P = 0.001) as the influencing factors of eGFR in male patients with psoriasis, whereas age (B = -24.75, P < 0.001), cardiovascular disease (B = -32.83, P = 0.002), and gout (B = -44.00, P = 0.015) were the influencing factors in female patients with psoriasis. Subgroup analysis by age revealed sex (B = -6.63, P = 0.015), duration of psoriasis (B = -6.51, P = 0.006), hypertension (B = -10.90, P < 0.001), and gout (B = -14.84, P = 0.011) as the influencing factors of eGFR in patients with psoriasis aged < 60 years, whereas hypertension (B = -8.08, P = 0.008), cardiovascular disease (B = -11.21, P = 0.020), and gout (B = -26.41, P = 0.005) were the influencing factors in patients with psoriasis aged ≥ 60 years. Conclusion This research indicated that differences in eGFR in patients with psoriasis by age and sex. Hence, corresponding measures should be formulated for patients of different ages and sexes in clinical settings.