Dermatophytosis Among Schools Children in the Republic of Guinea

Dermatophytosis, particularly tinea capitis (TC), is a common fungal infection among schoolchildren in Africa, especially in tropical regions such as the Republic of Guinea. However, its risk factors remain poorly understood. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of TC among primary school children in different socio-demographic regions of Guinea. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2021 and March 2023 in Conakry, Boké, Labé, Kankan and Nzérékoré, covering a total of 10 schools. A total of 802 children aged between 4 and 17 years were randomly selected for examination of skin, nail and scalp lesions. Sociodemographic and clinical risk factor data were collected by questionnaire. Among the 802 children included, the prevalence of clinical dermatophytosis was 61% (n=487). Male sex, hairdressing at home and family history (p < 10-⁴) were statistically significantly associated with TC. Multivariate analysis confirmed that male sex (OR = 2.26) and residence in Nzérékoré (OR = 2.60), a region characterised by high humidity and dense forest cover, were independent risk factors for dermatophytosis. This study highlights the high public health burden of dermatophytosis, especially TC, in Guinean schoolchildren, particularly in areas with humid climates. Further research is needed to improve our understanding and develop effective prevention strategies.