Seismic performance intelligent analysis of building complexes considering the horizontal incident angle

Earthquakes are a common disaster, sudden and capable of severe consequences. Nevertheless, the seismic incident angle, in comparison with the other characteristics of seismic ground motions, has not been given sufficient consideration in seismic analysis. This study proposes the utilization of the normalized radar plot for the conversion of the seismic response of varying incident angles for seismic evaluation and design and provides a calculation formula for determining the optimal incident angle. The Zonghe Building was selected as the case study. Initially, the seismic ground motions that influence seismic response were examined. The structural response under different seismic incident angles was then investigated. The radar plots and the normalization radar plots of the inter-story drift ratio and floor acceleration were drawn to capture the difference in the responses of different seismic incident angles. The analysis of the effect of uncertainty in seismic ground motions revealed that the seismic incidence angle corresponding to the minimum structural response is approximately 70% of the maximum response for the Zonghe Building. The structural response differences by seismic incidence angles were further analyzed, revealing that the difference in the inter-story drift ratio is greater than the floor acceleration and that the inter-story drift ratio has stronger discreteness. Finally, the effect of different seismic incidence angles on the building complex was analyzed. An indicator (L) was developed to analyze the influence of different seismic incident angles for seismic evaluation. It was determined that if L exceeds the structural response ratio of the non-weak axis and the weak axis, misjudgment is probable, and vice versa. To quickly assess the effect of seismic incidence angle on building complexes, image recognition is applied to the seismic analysis of building complexes, and a method is developed to evaluate the effect of seismic incidence angles. The findings of this study indicate that, in the context of seismic evaluation and design, it is imperative to consider the seismic incident angle to ensure the resilience of the building complex.